Todar's Online Textbook of Bacteriology contains 46 chapters on bacteria including structure-function, growth, metabolism, interactions with humans, antibiotic resistance, pathogenesis and medically-important species. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. INTRODUCTION. Enterococci, formerly called group D streptococci, come well equipped with a variety of intrinsic (ie, naturally occurring) antibiotic resistances; they are also capable of acquiring new resistance genes and/or mutations. Molecular mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents Sanath Kumar1 and Manuel F. Varela2 1QC Laboratory, Harvest and Post Harvest Technology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Seven History. Acetone was first produced by alchemists during the late Middle Ages via the dry distillation of metal acetates (e.g., lead acetate, which produced spirit of Saturn (since the alchemical symbol for lead was also the astrological symbol for the planet Saturn)). Aquaculture 195 Ž2001. 193–204 Antibiotic resistance of bacteria from shrimp ponds ˜ Eleonor A. Tendencia) , Leobert D. de la Pena Aquaculture Department. In recent years, increased focus has been given to food as vehicles of antibiotic resistance genes (Perreten et al., 1997a, Franz et al., 1999, Klein et al., 2000). Mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and quinolones in multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from fish Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by chloramphenicol susceptible organisms. Consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents. Biochem/physiol Actions Mode of Action: Chloramphenicol inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by blocking the peptidyl transferase step by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing attachment of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome.